Overview. Understanding the Functioning and Management of Soil Systems. Regenerative Agriculture and Redesign for Sustainability. Soil Systems in Historical and Biological Perspective. How Scientific Understanding of Soils and Soil Systems has Changed in Recent Decades. Soil System Management in the Humid and Sub-Humid Tropics. Soil System Management in Temperate Regions. Soil System Management Under Arid and Semi-Arid Conditions. Soil Agents and Processes. Soil Ecology and the Soil Habitat. Energy Inputs into Soil Systems. The Root-Rhizosphere Interface. The Phyllosphere. Soil bacterial Influences on Crop Performance. Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in both Plant and Soil Health. How Fungi Help Maintain Soil Systems and Enhance Plant Performance. Moving up within the Food Web. Impacts of Soil Fauna on Soil Physical Properties. Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Agroecosystems and in Plant Roots. Enhancing Phosphorus Availability in Low-Fertility Soils. Microbial Roles in Availability and Mobilization of Micronutrients. Phytohormones. Influences of pH and Eh on Soil Dynamics and Fertility with Microbial Mediation. Animals as Participants in Soil Systems. Strategies and Methods for Making Soil Systems Regenerative and Resilient. Conservation Agriculture. Direct-Seeded Tropical Soil Systems. Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration. Agroforestry and Soil Health. Managing Leguminous Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Soil Biological Contributions to System of Rice Intensification Performance. Green Manure. Compost and Vermicompost. Practical Applications of Bacterial Biofertilizers and Biostimulators. Use of Fungal Species to Improve Soil and Crop Performance. Applications of Symbiotic Endophytes. Biochar. Soil Profile Modification. Long-term Evaluation of Crop Production Systems. Managing Polycropping. Agroecological Farm Management. Zero-Budget Nature Farming in India. Related Issues. Effects of Soil and Plant Management on Crop Pests. Revegetating inert Soils with Microbes. Impacts of Climate on Soil Systems. Economic and Policy Contexts. Village-Level Production and Use of Biofertilizers. Measuring Soil Biological Properties. Approaches to Monitoring Soil Quality. Protecting and Improving Soil Systems. Soil Systems and Human Health. Overcoming Productivity Constraints. Regenerative and Resilient Soil System Management.